Soviet space research: Salyut era ends

SALYUT: Soviet Steps Toward Permanent Human Presence in Space

Foreword As the other major spacefaring nation, the Soviet Union is a subject of interest to the American people and Congress in their deliberations concerning the future of U.S. space activities. In the course of an assessment of Civilian Space Stations, the Office of Technology Assessment (OTA) has undertaken a study of the presence of Soviets in space and their Salyut space stations, in orde...

Microgravity Research in the Space Shuttle Era

NASA dedicated over 20 shuttle missions to microgravity research as a primary payload, and many more missions carried microgravity research experiments as secondary payloads. The space agency’s microgravity research strived to increase understanding of the effects of gravity on biological, chemical, and physical systems. Living systems benefited as well. Cells, as they adapted to microgravity, ...

Unraveling the Threads of History: Soviet-Era Monuments and Post-Soviet National Identity in Moscow

Soviet Program for Medical Research **†

At the 20th Congress of the Communist party of the Soviet Union, held in Moscow in February, 1956, the sixth five-year plan was presented and accepted. Such plans extend into all walks of life in the U.S.S.R. but particularly in fields of applied science, not the least of which has been the program for work in the medical sciences. This pattern is characteristic of the Soviet Union, and one can...

Soviet Space Stations: Achievements, Trends, and Outlook

It is a widely held belief that the Soviet space program deliberately follows the paths described in the early years of the century by Konstantin Tsiolkovsky. 1 Be that as it may, it is certainly possible to find close parallels between Tsiolkovsky’s writing and the course of events, but more likely these parallels result because modern engineers have arrived at similar solutions to the same pr...